Turkmenistan may be the only country that provided free electricity for such a long time and it continues to provide highly subsidized cheap electricity with the lowest electricity prices in the world at 2.5 TMT per 100...
According to Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index, Turkmenistan continues to struggle with endemic corruption and is showing no signs of improvement in 2022. What is the Corruption Perception Index...
Summary Since 2015 Turkmenistan has been implementing import-substitution policies which came into force during the foreign currency shortages and the emergence of the black-market exchange rate. In this policy brief...
Understanding Internet access in Turkmenistan. Despite the fact that the UN has declared and affirmed that access to the Internet is a basic human right, citizens of Turkmenistan are unable to practice and enjoy this...
Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan are both former Soviet nations that are rich in hydrocarbons and yet they have radically different approaches towards transparency in extractive industries. In the paper Geopolitics and...
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) published a working paper with Wellbeing Rankings for 215 geographical locations using data from the Gallup World Poll and the US Daily Tracker Poll for 2008-2017. These...
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) published a working paper titled: Strengthening Food Safety Systems in the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Member Countries: Current Status, Framework, and Forward Strategies...
Wheat is the most important staple in Turkmen household. Bread is the first thing that is put on Turkmen saçak (a dining table cloth) and the first thing offered to foreign delegates when they step into the Turkmen soil...
The World Bank has published 2022 GovTech Maturity Index (GTMI), which measures digital transformation in the public sector. It is an average of 4 different indexes: Core Government Systems Index (CGSI) captures the key...
Purpose The goal of this policy brief is to inform the public in Turkmenistan and address the impacts of the dual exchange rates on Turkmenistan’s economy. The government restricted the free exchange of foreign...
